Move workouts to the morning
Ozone peaks on hot, sunny afternoons. Mornings are usually cleaner.
Ozone guide →Air quality in Clay County, SD
Includes Vermillion · EPA monitor readings, 2021 to 2025 · 15,000 people
For today's air and tomorrow's forecast, check AirNow by ZIP code.
Bad-air days a year
6
days with an AQI over 100
About 1 day in 66. Clay County has the 2nd most bad-air days of the 10 South Dakota counties with monitors.
<1day unhealthy for everyoneAQI over 150, a year
38AQI on a typical dayGood: fine for everyone
May, Jun and Sepworst monthsFine particles and ozone
173worst day since 2016May 18, 2023, fine particles
How to read the AQIThe EPA's air score runs from 0 to 500. Higher is worse. Over 100 counts as a bad-air day.
Typical day 38 (Good)Worst day 173 (Unhealthy)
Good0 to 50Moderate51 to 100Sensitive groups101 to 150Unhealthy151 to 200Very unhealthy201 to 300Hazardous301 to 500
When bad air happens in Clay County
Average bad-air days in each month, from 4 years of daily readings since 2016. Most fall in May, June and September.
Jan0
Feb0
Mar0
Apr0
May1.0
Jun1.8
Jul0.8
Aug0.2
Sep1.2
Oct0.5
Nov0
Dec0
Fine particles (smoke, soot)Ozone (smog)Bars stack in that order, from the bottom.
See the numbers by month
| Month | Ozone | Fine particles | All |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| April | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| May | 0.8 | 0.2 | 1.0 |
| June | 1.8 | 0 | 1.8 |
| July | 0 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
| August | 0 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| September | 0 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
| October | 0 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| November | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| December | 0 | 0 | 0 |
The worst day since 2016 was May 18, 2023: AQI 173, from fine particles.
What causes it
The pollutant that pushed the AQI over 100 on each of the 22 bad-air days since 2016.
45%Ozone: smog that forms in sunlight on hot days
55%Fine particles: smoke and soot
Bad days here come from both fine particles such as smoke and ozone on hot afternoons.
CDC estimates by month, 2001 to 2022
The CDC's model counts bad-air days at the county's worst spot, from monitors and satellites. Particles (brown) fill the inside of the ring and ozone (blue) the outside.
See the numbers by month
| Month | Fine particles | Ozone |
|---|---|---|
| January | 0 | 0 |
| February | 0 | 0 |
| March | 0 | 0 |
| April | 0 | 0 |
| May | 0 | 0 |
| June | 0 | 0.1 |
| July | 0.2 | 0 |
| August | 0 | 0 |
| September | 0 | 0 |
| October | 0 | 0 |
| November | 0 | 0 |
| December | 0 | 0 |
What helps in Clay County
Bad days here come from fine particles and ozone, so it takes timing and filtering.
Keep one room clean on smoky days
Shut the windows and run an air purifier sized for the room.
Choosing a purifier →Upgrade the furnace filter
Use MERV 13 if your system can take it, and run the fan on smoky days.
Furnace filters →For today's reading and tomorrow's forecast, check AirNow by ZIP code. Its fire and smoke map adds smoke plumes.
Purifiers with a verified smoke rating
For a clean room on smoky days. Each has a smoke CADR tested by AHAM's independent program and is certified by California as a mechanical cleaner, so it makes no ozone.
Levoit Vital 100S-P
143 smoke CADR
- Everyday
- up to 222 sq ft
- Heavy smoke
- up to 143 sq ft
- Filters
- about $40 a year
The cheapest unit we found with a verified smoke rating. Enough for a bedroom clean room.
$119.99 at LevoitLevoit Vital 200S-P
250 smoke CADR
- Everyday
- up to 388 sq ft
- Heavy smoke
- up to 250 sq ft
- Filters
- about $50 a year
The most verified smoke cleaning per dollar of any qualifying model: 75% more than the 100S-P for $50 more.
$169.99 at LevoitLevoit Core 600S-P
391 smoke CADR
- Everyday
- up to 606 sq ft
- Heavy smoke
- up to 391 sq ft
- Filters
- $60 to $120 a year
For a big room or a small apartment. Buy the LAP-C601S-WUS version, which CARB lists as mechanical.
$299.99 at LevoitWhy all 3 are Levoit: of the models we checked that pass both tests, these give the most verified smoke cleaning per dollar at each room size. Medify's MA-25 and MA-40 also pass but cost more for the same cleaning.
Ratings from the AHAM Verifide directory and CARB's certified list. Prices from Levoit's site, checked November 7, 2026; they change. We don't earn anything from these links. How to pick a purifier
Every year since 2022
Bad-air days each year. The striped part is days unhealthy for everyone, over AQI 150. The worst recent year was 2023, with 18 bad-air days.
Unhealthy for sensitive groups (101 to 150)Unhealthy or worse (over 150)
See the numbers by year
| Year | Bad-air days | Over 150 |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 0 | 0 |
| 2023 | 18 | 3 |
| 2024 | 2 | 0 |
| 2025 | 2 | 0 |
Clay County and its neighbors
Bad-air days a year, 2021 to 2025. South Dakota counties with monitors averaged about 6 bad-air days a year, weighted by population.
Clay County6
Nearest counties with a full report: Minnehaha County, SD (8 bad-air days a year), Brookings County, SD (4 bad-air days a year), Lyon County, MN (6 bad-air days a year).
Questions people ask about air in Clay County
How often is the air bad in Clay County?
From 2021 to 2025, monitors in Clay County recorded about 6 bad-air days a year with an AQI above 100, which is unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. The worst year in that stretch was 2023, with 18 bad-air days.
What causes bad air in Clay County?
Bad days here come from both fine particles such as smoke and ozone on hot afternoons. Bad days cluster in May, June and September.
Where can I see today's air quality in Clay County?
AirNow, run by the EPA and its partners, shows the current AQI and tomorrow's forecast for your ZIP code. Its fire and smoke map adds smoke plumes. On a typical day the AQI in Clay County is about 38, which is good, fine for everyone. Check it most in May, June and September, when bad days here cluster.
About these numbers
Day counts come from the EPA's county air quality summaries, which take the worst reading across a county's monitors each day. Monitors here reported on about 362 days a year from 2021 to 2025. A county is large, and your street can be cleaner or worse. CDC's model, which estimates every county from monitors and satellites, gives the worst spot in Clay County about 1 high-particle day and about 1 high-ozone day a year from 2018 to 2022.
Sources: EPA AirData county AQI summaries (2000 to 2025) and daily county AQI (2016 to 2025); CDC Environmental Public Health Tracking Network modeled PM2.5 and ozone (2001 to 2022). Updated November 8, 2026.